Nginx入门(安装配置)

Nginx 是什么？

nginx是俄罗斯人 Igor Sysoev为俄罗斯访问量第二的Rambler.ru站点开发的一个十分轻量级的HTTP服务器。它是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，同时也可以作为IMAP/POP3/SMTP的代理服务器。nginx使用的是BSD许可。

Nginx 以事件驱动的方式编写，所以有非常好的性能，同时也是一个非常高效的反向代理、负载平衡。

Nginx 因为它的稳定性、丰富的模块库、灵活的配置和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。

核心特点：

高并发请求的同时保持高效的服务

热部署

低内存消耗

处理响应请求很快

具有很高的可靠性

nginx可以实现高效的反向代理、负载均衡。

一、安装

1.1 安装编译工具及依赖

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel

1.2 安装nginx

下载nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

解压安装

tar -xf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz -C /software/
cd /software/ && mkdir nginx && cd nginx-1.8.1

编译，指定nginx 安装目录：/software/nginx

./configure --prefix=/software/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-threads --with-file-aio

安装

make && make install

启动nginx

/software/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /software/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /software/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
/software/nginx/sbin/nginx
ps -ef | grep nginx
root     22917     1  0 22:01 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /software/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody   22918 22917  0 22:01 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root     22920 21803  0 22:01 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

1.3 访问测试

http://IPaddr,出现以下页面nginx就已经安装成功

二、配置

2.1 创建nginx 运行用户

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

2.2 配置nginx.conf

user  www www;    --- 指定nginx启动用户
worker_processes  1;

error_log  logs/nginx_error.log crit; ---配置日志存储位置和级别
pid        logs/nginx.pid;         --- 设置nginx.pid 文件存储位置

events {
    worker_connections  65535;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    sendfile        on;
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;


    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name   172.31.8.11;

        #charset koi8-r;

        access_log  logs/172.31.8.11_access.log  main;   --- 设置日志格式
        access_log  logs/172.31.8.11_json_access.log main;  --- 设置json 日志格式
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

/software/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /software/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /software/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
/software/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

相关命令：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload            --  重新载入配置文件
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen            --  重启 Nginx
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop              --  停止 Nginx

以上就是Nginx安装后的简单配置